Many attempts have been made at creating shapeshifting tactile displays, and most of them have ended up being very bulky due to the use of individual actuators and similar components.

A team with the Future Interfaces Group at Carnegie Mellon University attempted to solve this problem with their own approach which incorporates miniaturized hydraulic pumps into a thin display panel.

In their demonstration they showed the concept working with a flexible OLED display, similar to those found on smartphones. They showed how you could animate buttons and icons to inflate or deflate depending on the applcation, adding extra physical feedback to interactions.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j_rErbhxNFM
https://www.figlab.com/research/2023/flat-panel-haptics